SUBJUNCTIVE

Subjunctive

Bentuk yang digunakan untuk menyatakan sesuatu hal yang diharapkan terhadi (permohonan atau doa)

Pengandaian yang tidak sesuai dengan kenyataan atau tidak mungkin terjadi.

1. Subjunctive “Wish”

1.      Menunjukan future time.

Pola:

Subject+ wish+ subject+ would/could.…

Contoh: I wish fatmah could come = I want fatah to come.

            I wish you would hurry = I want you to hurry.

2.      Menunjukkan present tense

Pola:

Subject + wish…………..+ subject + past tense.

Contoh:

1. I wish I knew how to do it

The fact= but I am sorry I don’t know how to do it.

2. I wish air was here

The fact = but Amir isn’t here.

3.      Menunjukan past tense

Pola:

Subject + wish……………+ past perfect tense.

Contoh:

I wish I have known how to do it

The fact= I didn’t know how to do it.

She wishes Amer had visited her

The fact= Amir didn’t visit her

2. Subjunctive if only

Pada dasarnya subjunctive if only sama dengan wish yang artinya berharap.

Atran:

a. simple past tense = the fact simple present tense

b. past perfect tense = the fact simple past tense

c. simple past tense = the fact simple present tense

cotoh:

1. if only I knew her name

The fact= I don’t know her name

2. if only she could do it

The fact= she can’t do it

Past perfect tense = the fact simple past tense

Contoh:

1. if only I had known her name.

The fact =,I didn’t know her name

2. if only she had been here.

The fact = she wasn’t here

3. Subjunctive as if / as though.

Pada dasarnya subjunctive as if / as though mempunyai bentuk yang sama dengan subjunctive sebelumnya yang mempunya arti seolah olah.

Aturan:

a. simple past tense= the fact simple present tense

b. past perfect tense = the fact simple past tense

simple past tense= the fact simple present tense

contoh: she talks as if/ as though she knew everything.

The fact= she doesn’t know anything or she knows nothing.

She sings as if / as though she were a rock singer.

The fact= she isn’t a rock singer.

Past perfect tense = the fact simple past tense

Contoh: she tells as if /as though she had known everything

The fact= she didn’t know anything or she knew nothing

They behave as if / as though they had visited her.

The fact = the didn’t visit her

4. Subjunctive “would rather”

Digunakan untuk menyatakan pilihan lebih suka

a. present tense= menunjukkan masa saat sekarang

pola = subject + would rather (that) + past tense

contoh: I would rather (that) my girl friend worked in the same department.

The fact= my girlfriend doesn’t work in the same department

I would rather my girlfriend didn’t work in the same department

The fact = my girlfriend works in the same department

b. past tense = menunjukan past tense

pola: subject + would rather (that) + past perfect

contoh: I would rather ( that) he had done it for me

the fact= he didn’t do it for me

she would rather he had attended the meeting last night

the fact=he didn’t attend the meeting last night.