CONDITIONAL SENTENCE

CONDITIONAL SENTENCE

(Kalimat Pengandaian / Kalimat Bersyarat)

Conditional sentence ada 3 tipe :

1.    TIPE I        : Future Possible

2.    TIPE II       : Present Impossible

3.    TIPE III     : Past Impossible

1.    TIPE I (FUTURE POSSIBLE)

Yaitu pengandaian yang mungkin menjadi nyata di masa yang akan datang.

Aturan :

a.    Main clause (induk kalimat)      : Simple Future Tense

b.    If clause (anak kalimat)             : Simple Present Tense

Example :

1.    I will help you if you come to my house.

2.    If she is happy, I will be happy too.

3.    They will attend at your party if you invite them.

2.    TIPE II (PRESENT IMPOSSIBLE)

Yaitu pengandaian yang sulit menjadi kenyataan karena berlawanan dengan kondisi di saat ini / saat sekarang.

Aturan :

a.    Main clause (induk kalimat)      :  Simple Past Future Tense

b.    If clause (anak kalimat)             : Simple Past Tense (menggunakan “were” yang berarti “jadi” untuk semua subjek.

c.    Really meaning                          :  Simple Present Tense (makna yang sebenarnya).

Example :                            

1.    If he were my friend, I would help him.

Kenyataannya :

He is not my friend, so I do not help him.

2.    I would give her money if he did it or me.

Kenyataannya :

I do not give her money because she does not do it for me.

                                                                                           

3.    TIPE III (PAST IMPOSSBLE)

Yaitu pengandaian yang tidak mungkin menjadi nyata karena berlawanan dengan kondisi di masa lampau.

a.    Main clause (induk kalimat)      :  Past Future Perfect Tense

b.    If clause (anak kalimat)             :  Past Perfect Tense

c.    Really meaning                          :  Simple Past Tense

Example :

1.    I would have called her if I had known her name.

Kenyataannya :

I did not call her because I did not know her name.

2.    If you had given her money, she would have gone to school. 

Kenyataammya :                                         

You did not give her money so she did not go to school.

PENGGUNAAN UNLESS (JIKA TIDAK)

Examples :                               

1.    Unless my mother is sick, I will not go home.

Jika ibu saya tidak sakit, saya tidak akan pulang

2.    Unless she cries, I will not help her.

Jika dia tidak menangis, saya tidak akan membantu dia.